List of president of Somalia

This is a list of presidents of Somalia. Since the establishment of the office of president in 1960, there have been 9 official presidents. The president is the head of state of Somalia and the commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces. The current office holder is Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, having been elected in the 2022 presidential election. He is the first person to have held of office on multiple occasions, having been previously elected in the 2012 presidential election and held the office from 2012-2017. 

List

1. Aden Abdullah Osman Daar (1960–1967)

• In 1960, Aden Abdullah Osman Daar became the first President of Somalia after its independence. He played a pivotal role in putting together a post-colonial government.
• His presidency ended in 1967 after he was defeated for chief executive by his Prime Minister Abdirashid Ali Shermarke.

2. Abdirashid Ali Shermarke (1967–1969)

• He was the second President but was assassinated in 1969, which was a trigger for a military coup.
• Indeed, his assassincation would be the trigger for the rise of military rule in Somalia.

3. Siad Barre (1969–1991)

• Mohamed Siad Barre came to power in via coup in 1969 and ruled as a military dictator for more than twenty years.
• His regime fell in 1991 as internal quarrels and opposition led to further fragmentation of Somalia that completely disintegrated central authority.

4. Ali Mahdi Muhammad (1991–1997 Transitional Government)

• With the downfall of Barre's regime, Ali Mahdi Muhammad declared himself interim President.
• His presidency was characterized by civil war and lack of control over a large concert of the country.

5. Abdiqasim Salad Hassan (2000–2004 Transitional National Government)

• He was elected President under the Transitional National Government (TNG) during the Arta Peace Conference held in Djibouti.
• His government struggled with recognition and control because of civil war.

6. Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (2004–2008 Transitional Federal Government)

• Elected as President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) in Kenya.
• His government had very limited influence over Somalia, generally constricted to Baidoa and parts of Mogadishu. 

7. Sharif Sheikh Ahmed (2009–2012, Transitional Federal Government)

• A former warlord of the Islamic Courts Union was elected President under the TFG in 2009.
• In this capacity, efforts were made to stabilize the country, especially through AMISOM (the African Union Mission in Somalia) support.

8. Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (2012–2017)

• Hassan Sheikh Mohamud became the first president elected under New Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) framework that followed the end of the transitional period.
• His presidency is concentrated on rebuilding the state institutions and security of Somalia.

9. Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed "Farmaajo" (2017–2022)

• Farmaajo, the former Prime Minister, was elected to the presidency in 2017.
• The period of Farmaajo's presidency witnessed serious tussles with regional states and political tensions, although they were not without some economic reforms and anti-corruption efforts.

10. Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (2022-Present)

• In May 2022, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud was re-elected as President, making him the first-ever Somali leader to serve two non-consecutive terms.
• His current presidency addresses national reconciliation and tackling economic reconstruction.